An Analysis of Multicultural Literacy Perceptions in Korean Society Using Text Mining

doi:10.22716/sckt.2025.13.2.006

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2025 Vol.13, Issue 2 Preview Page Next Page

Research Article

An Analysis of Multicultural Literacy Perceptions in Korean Society Using Text Mining 텍스트마이닝을 활용한 한국 사회의 다문화 리터러시 인식 분석: Minho Yang¹, Joonhwan Kim², and Seokjin Im³
양민호¹, 김준환², 임석진³; ¹Professor, Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences, Pukyong National University
²Lecturer, Department of Business Administration, University of Seoul
³Professor, College of Liberal Arts, Hansei University

¹국립부경대학교 인문사회과학연구소 교수, ²서울시립대학교 경영학부 강사, ³한세대학교 교양학부 교수

30 June 2025. pp. 63-74

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Abstract

본 연구는 다문화 사회로의 이행 과정에서 나타나는 다문화 리터러시 담론을 텍스트마이닝 기법을 통해 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 주요 포털사이트 및 SNS 플랫폼에서 수집한 텍스트 데이터를 바탕으로, 한국 사회에서 ‘다문화 리터러시’에 대한 언어적 구성과 주제 구조를 텍스트마이닝 기법을 통해 실증적으로 분석하였다. 분석 방법으로는 TF(Term Frequency) 분석을 통한 핵심 키워드 추출, Word2Vec 기반 의미 연관성 분석, K-means 클러스터링을 통한 주제별 키워드 군집화, 그리고 BERTopic 기반 토픽 모델링을 활용하였다. 분석 결과, ‘외국인’, ‘언어’, ‘포용’, ‘교육’ 등과 같은 키워드가 중심적으로 등장하였으며, 이는 다문화 리터러시가 문화 이해를 넘어 디지털 역량, 사회 통합, 공공 정책 등 다양한 분야와 연결되어 있음을 보여준다. BERTopic 분석을 통해 도출된 30개의 토픽은 계층적 구조로 정리되어, 디지털 리터러시, 행정 제도, 가족 지원, 언어권 보장 등 상이한 주제가 어떻게 상호 연결되는지를 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 다문화 사회에서의 언어정책 수립 및 포용적 커뮤니케이션 전략 개발을 위한 실증적 근거를 제공하며, 다문화 리터러시에 대한 학술적·정책적 논의를 심화하는 데 기여할 수 있다.

This study analyzes how multicultural literacy is discussed in Korea, a society undergoing rapid multicultural transitions, using text mining methods. To this end, the research conducts an empirical analysis of the linguistic construction and thematic structure of “multicultural literacy” based on text data collected from major portal sites and social media platforms. The methodological approach includes Term Frequency (TF) analysis for extracting core keywords, Word2Vec-based semantic similarity analysis, K-means clustering for topic-wise keyword grouping, and BERTopic-based topic modeling. The results highlight keywords such as “foreigner,” “language,” “inclusion,” and “education” as central to the discourse, indicating that multicultural literacy extends beyond cultural understanding to encompass digital competence, social integration, and public policy. The 30 topics identified through BERTopic were organized into a hierarchical structure, revealing how diverse issues such as digital literacy, administrative systems, family support, and language rights are interconnected. This study provides empirical evidence for establishing inclusive language policies and developing communication strategies in multicultural contexts, contributing to the academic and policy-level discourse on multicultural literacy.

Keywords

Multicultural Literacy

Text Mining

Korean Society

BERTopic

Textom

References

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김준환, 양민호, 최민경, 김경남, "토픽 모델링을 이용한 다문화 리터러시 국내연구 동향 분석", 동북아 문화연구, 제1권, 제82호, pp. 83-102, 2025.
G. Hull, and K. Schultz, "Literacy and learning out of school: A review of theory and research", Language and Linguistics in context, pp. 275-305, 2012.
Y. Leeman, and G. Ledoux, "Preparing teachers for intercultural education", Teaching Education, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 279-291, 2003.
10.1080/1047621032000135186
D. M. Gollnick, P. C. Chinn, S. D. Kroeger, and A. M. Bauer, "Multicultural education in a pluralistic society", 2009.
P. E. Kirkland, "Training Preservice Teachers to Meet the Linguistic, Social, and Cultural Needs of Students from the English-speaking Caribbean: A Qualitative Study", Doctoral dissertation, Concordia University Chicago, 2014.
A. Luke, "Critical literacy in Australia: A matter of context and standpoint", In Critical literacy, schooling, and social justice (pp. 168-188). Routledge, 2018.
10.4324/9781315100951-7
C. A. Grant, and C. E. Sleeter, "Doing multicultural education for achievement and equity", Routledge, 2012.
10.4324/9780203831397
J. A. Banks, "Multicultural education: Historical development, dimensions, and practice", Review of Research in education, Vol. 19, pp. 3-49, 1993.
10.2307/1167339
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10.3102/0013189X030003003
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이진경, 이혜정, "이중언어요인과 이중문화요인이 다문화청소년의 자아존중감에 미치는 영향", 사회과학연구, 제30권, 제4호, pp. 81-100, 2019.
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F. Fan, W. X. Zhao, J. R. Wen, G. Xu, and E. Y. Chang, "Mining collective knowledge: inferring functional labels from online review for business", Knowledge and Information Systems, Vol. 53, pp. 723-747, 2017.
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Information

Publisher :The Society of Convergence Knowledge
Publisher(Ko) :융복합지식학회
Journal Title :The Society of Convergence Knowledge Transactions
Journal Title(Ko) :융복합지식학회논문지
Volume : 13
No :2
Pages :63-74
DOI :https://doi.org/10.22716/sckt.2025.13.2.006

[1] 엠브레인 트렌드모니터, "2024 다문화 사회(가정) 관련 인식 조사", 2024. https://www.trendmonitor.co.kr

[2] 김준환, 양민호, 최민경, 김경남, "토픽 모델링을 이용한 다문화 리터러시 국내연구 동향 분석", 동북아 문화연구, 제1권, 제82호, pp. 83-102, 2025.

[3] G. Hull, and K. Schultz, "Literacy and learning out of school: A review of theory and research", Language and Linguistics in context, pp. 275-305, 2012.

[4] Y. Leeman, and G. Ledoux, "Preparing teachers for intercultural education", Teaching Education, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 279-291, 2003.
10.1080/1047621032000135186

[5] D. M. Gollnick, P. C. Chinn, S. D. Kroeger, and A. M. Bauer, "Multicultural education in a pluralistic society", 2009.

[6] P. E. Kirkland, "Training Preservice Teachers to Meet the Linguistic, Social, and Cultural Needs of Students from the English-speaking Caribbean: A Qualitative Study", Doctoral dissertation, Concordia University Chicago, 2014.

[7] A. Luke, "Critical literacy in Australia: A matter of context and standpoint", In Critical literacy, schooling, and social justice (pp. 168-188). Routledge, 2018.
10.4324/9781315100951-7

[8] C. A. Grant, and C. E. Sleeter, "Doing multicultural education for achievement and equity", Routledge, 2012.
10.4324/9780203831397

[9] J. A. Banks, "Multicultural education: Historical development, dimensions, and practice", Review of Research in education, Vol. 19, pp. 3-49, 1993.
10.2307/1167339

[10] K. K. Kumashiro, "Posts perspectives on anti-oppressive education in social studies, English, mathematics, and science classrooms Educational Researcher", Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 3-12, 2001.
10.3102/0013189X030003003

[11] 최병두, "다문화사회와 지구ㆍ지방적 시민성 : 일본의 다문화공생 개념과 관련하여", 한국지역지리학회지, 제17권, 제2호, pp. 181-203, 2011.

[12] 이진경, 이혜정, "이중언어요인과 이중문화요인이 다문화청소년의 자아존중감에 미치는 영향", 사회과학연구, 제30권, 제4호, pp. 81-100, 2019.
10.16881/jss.2019.10.30.4.81

[13] F. Fan, W. X. Zhao, J. R. Wen, G. Xu, and E. Y. Chang, "Mining collective knowledge: inferring functional labels from online review for business", Knowledge and Information Systems, Vol. 53, pp. 723-747, 2017.
10.1007/s10115-017-1050-4

[14] M. Grootendorst, " BERTopic: Neural topic modeling with a class-based TF-IDF procedure", arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.05794, 2022.

[15] J. A. Evans, and P. Aceves, "Machine translation: Mining text for social theory", Annual review of sociology, Vol. 42, No. 1, pp. 21-50, 2016.
10.1146/annurev-soc-081715-074206

[16] D. W. Kahenya, W. Mwangi, and R. Rimiru, "Topic Modelling Swahili Using LDA and Contextualized Embeddings", In 2024 Intelligent Methods, Systems, and Applications (IMSA) (pp. 115-121). IEEE, 2024.
10.1109/IMSA61967.2024.10652736

[17] A. Farea, S. Tripathi, G. Glazko, and F. Emmert-Streib, "Investigating the optimal number of topics by advanced text-mining techniques: Sustainable energy research", Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 136, 108877, 2024.
10.1016/j.engappai.2024.108877

[18] P. Sarin, "Natural Language Processing and Topic Modeling for Exploring Trends in Human-Robot Interaction", Doctoral dissertation, Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, 2024.

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